Relation between the mass-loading factor, stellar mass and Σ_SFR. Top panel: Relation between the mass-loading factor and stellar mass. Our sample is color-coded by Σ_SFR. The dashed black line is the rescaled relation found in simulations according to Nelson et al. (2019b). The dot-dashed line is the relation found in Pandya et al. (2021). The small black (magenta) circles are single simulated halos from Pandya et al. (2021) in the redshift range 2–4 (< 0.05). We also include observational results from McQuinn et al. (2019), Concas et al. (2022), and Marasco et al. (2023). Bottom panel: Relation between the mass-loading factor and Σ_SFR. The symbols are the same as in the top panel, but our sample is color-coded by EW([OIII]). The red stars are stacks at z = 3 − 4 from Gupta et al. (2023). The dashed green line is the best fit for log(Σ_SFR[M_⊙ yr⁻¹ kpc⁻²]) > −3 including our sample and the observed galaxies and stacks from literature.