Plasma conditions near LWs. (a) Ratio between the magnetic field magnitude at the locations of LWs and the background value, B₀, over a five-minute interval (black). The ratio between the magnetic field magnitude at the center of five-minute intervals through all Solar Orbiter’s MAG data and the background value, B₀, over the same interval is plotted for reference (red). (b) Ratio between the electron density at the locations of LWs and the background value, n_e, 0, over a five-minute interval (black). The ratio between electron density at the center of five-minute intervals through all Solar Orbiter’s MAG data and the background value, n_e, 0, over the same interval is plotted for reference (red). (c) Histogram of time from a LW to the largest magnetic field depression in a five-minute interval with center at the LW (black) and time from a LW to the largest magnetic field gradient (red). Time 0 means that the largest magnetic field depression (or gradient) in an interval ±2.5 min from a LW is at the location of the LW in question.