Saturation in an RVS spectrum. The CCD spectrum shown (in units of e⁻ per 4.4 s exposure) was obtained from the summing in the AC direction of a 2D-window spectrum including saturated AC-central pixels. The resulting 1D spectrum, which presents 99 saturated samples (marked in red), was discarded by the pipeline. The visible jumps (of ∼8000 e⁻) originate from AC-central pixels exceeding 50 000 ADU (see Sect. 3.1). The corresponding star has grvs_mag = 3.471 ± 0.005 mag, T_eff = 4735 K, log g = 1.45, and [Fe/H] = −0.13.