Comparison to previous studies. Top: (TiO₂)₁₀ abundance after 1 yr with respect to the total number density of all clusters. . This graph was made to be compared with the results of Boulangier et al. (2019). Bottom: nucleation rate of TiO₂. The simulation was conducted for an initial uniform cluster number density of = 10⁹ cm^-3 and evaluated after t = 10⁵ s. This graph was made to be compared with the results of Lee et al. (2015).