Fig. 1.

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Key TP-(S)AGB parameters for our intermediate-mass models of different metallicities. Mcore is the core mass at the end of the TP-(S)AGB calculations, Log LMAX the maximum luminosity, τTPAGB the duration of the TP-(S)AGB phase, tIP the average interpulse period, TBCE the maximum temperature at the base of the convective envelope, and ⟨λ⟩ is the average of the TDU parameter. NTP is the number of thermal pulses. We note that 5 M⊙ models of Z = ×10−8 and Z = 10−10 are not shown because they do not follow a standard TP-AGB evolution (see main text for details). For the sake of comparison, Z = 10−5 models from GP21 with different wind prescriptions (Bloecker 1995, B95, in solid and Vassiliadis & Wood 1993, VW93 in dotted lines), and the models from Ventura et al. (2021) are also included (V21, dashed lines). We note that, for the latter, maximum (instead of average) values of λ are shown. Shaded areas in light indigo represent the approximate mass limits for which the final fates of Z = 10−10 and Z = 10−8 models are unknown (see main text for details).
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