Best-fitting curves for gradient profiles. Different columns show the results of different halo mass, as indicated in each panel. The top, middle, and bottom sets of curves show the T₁, total, and T₃ profiles, respectively. The profiles are shifted up or down for the purpose of presentation. The red, green, and blue lines represent halos in the upper, middle, and lower 20% of the z_f distribution in each mass bin. The vertical dotted lines indicate the splashback radii (the first caustic radii) determined from the T₃ profiles (see texts for details).