Temporally averaged profile of (a) the differential rotation Ω(r, θ)=Ω₀ + ⟨v_ϕ⟩/rsinθ, and (b) the streamlines of the meridional circulation v_m = (⟨v_r⟩,⟨v_θ⟩). Here ⟨⟩ denotes the longitudinal average. The meridional flow stream function Ψ is defined by ρ₀v_m = ∇ × (Ψe_ϕ). Red (blue) indicates the circulation is clockwise (counter-clockwise), i.e., the flow is poleward (equatorward) near the surface at high latitudes in both hemispheres.