Table 1
Overview of the molecular cloud sample, ordered by cloud type and name.
| Cloud | αJ2000 (h:m:s) | δJ2000 (°:′:″) | Distance (kpc) | Geometry | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| High-mass SF regions | |||||
| Cygnus North | 20:37:54 | 41:44:57 | 1.40 | Ridge + filaments | Hennemann et al. (2012); Schneider et al. (2016) |
| Cygnus South | 20:35:08 | 39:41:50 | 1.40 | Filaments + pillars | Schneider et al. (2016) |
| M16 | 18:19:40 | −13:47:34 | 2.00 | Filaments + pillars | Hill et al. (2012); Tremblin et al. (2013, 2014) |
| M17 | 18:18:36 | −16:34:39 | 2.20 | Clumps | This paper |
| NGC 6334 | 17:20:58 | −35:51:45 | 1.35 | Massive ridge | Russeil et al. (2013); Tiegé et al. (2017) |
| NGC 6357 | 17:25:06 | -34:25:57 | 1.75 | Dispersed clumps | Russeil et al. (2019) |
| NGC 7538 | 23:14:02 | 61:26:48 | 2.80 | Evolved bubble | Fallscheer et al. (2013) |
| Rosette | 06:33:32 | 04:15:23 | 1.46a | H ii bubble/Ridge | Motte et al. (2010); Hennemann et al. (2010) Schneider et al. (2010); DiFrancesco et al. (2010) Schneider et al. (2012); Cambrésy et al. (2013) Tremblin et al. (2013, Tremblin et al. 2014) |
| Vela C | 09:00:37 | −43:56:50 | 0.70 | Ridge | Hill et al. (2011); Giannini et al. (2012) Minier et al. (2013); Tremblin et al. (2014) |
| Intermediate-mass SF regions | |||||
| Aquila | 18:29:43 | −02:46:49 | 0.436b | Bipolar filament | Könyves et al. (2010, 2015); André et al. (2010) Bontemps et al. (2010a,b); Schneider et al. (2013) |
| MonR2 | 06:06:45 | −06:17:01 | 0.862 | Hub-filament | Didelon et al. (2015); Pokhrel et al. (2016) Rayner et al. (2017) |
| Mon OB1 | 06:32:00 | 10:30:00 | 0.80 | Massive clump | This paper |
| NGC 2264 | 06:40:24 | 09:25:52 | 0.719c | Ridge + filaments | Nony et al. (2021) |
| Orion B | 05:48:54 | 00:48:08 | 0.40 | Filaments | Schneider et al. (2013); Könyves et al. (2020) |
| Serpens | 18:34:59 | 00:00:00 | 0.436b | filaments+clumps | Roccatagliata et al. (2015); Fiorellino et al. (2021) |
| Low-mass SF regions | |||||
| Cham I | 10:55:42 | −77:07:31 | 0.192d | Ridge | Alves de Oliveira et al. (2014) |
| Cham II | 12:38:45 | −78:29:35 | 0.198d | Clumps | Alves de Oliveira et al. (2014) |
| IC5146 | 21:48:48 | 47:29:16 | 0.813b | Filament | Arzoumanian et al. (2011); Roy et al. (2015) |
| Lupus I | 15:41:03 | −34:05:34 | 0.182 | Filaments + clumps | Rygl et al. (2013); Benedettini et al. (2015, 2018) |
| Lupus III | 16:10:03 | −39:04:40 | 0.162c | Filaments + clumps | Rygl et al. (2013); Benedettini et al. (2015, 2018) |
| Lupus VI | 16:04:36 | −42:04:24 | 0.204 | Filament + clumps | Rygl et al. (2013); Benedettini et al. (2015, 2018) |
| Perseus | 03:35:41 | 31:31:56 | 0.235b | Filament + clumps | Sadavoy et al. (2012, 2014) Pezzuto et al. (2012, 2021) |
| Pipe | 17:23:08 | −26:24:07 | 0.145 | Filament + clumps | Peretto et al. (2012); Roy et al. (2014, 2015) |
| ρOph | 16:27:31 | −24:12:40 | 0.140b | Clumps | Roy et al. (2014); Ladjelate et al. (2020) |
| Taurus | 04:21:00 | 27:46:45 | 0.14 | Filaments | Kirk et al. (2013); Marsh et al. (2014, 2016a) Palmeirim et al. (2013) |
| Quiescent regions | |||||
| Cham III | 12:38:45 | −78:29:35 | 0.16 | Clumps | Alves de Oliveira et al. (2014) |
| Musca | 12:27:36 | −71:38:53 | 0.15 | Filament | Cox et al. (2016); Bonne et al. (2020) |
| Polaris | 01:50:35 | 88:21:10 | 0.489a | Network filaments | Menshchikov et al. (2010); Schneider et al. (2013) Miville-Deschenes et al. (2010) Ward-Thompson et al. (2010); André et al. (2010) |
| Diffuse/atomic regions | |||||
| Draco | 16:47:57 | 61:45:16 | 0.60 | Clumps | Miville-Deschenes et al. (2017), This paper |
Notes. The coordinates specify the center of the Herschel maps. The distances are the ones used in the Herschel papers that are listed in the last column. Updated distances by recent Gaia or maser parallax publications are available for a some sources. (a) Yan et al. (2019). (b) Ortiz et al. (2018). We note that a carefully selected sample of Gaia eDR3 stars yield a distance of 502 pc (Comeron et al. 2022). (c) Dzib et al. (2018). (d) Apellaniz et al. (2019). Zucker et al. (2020) present a large overview on distances.
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