The polar orbit of the warm Neptune GJ 436b seen with VLT/ESPRESSO

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Volume 663 (July 2022)

A&A, 663 (2022) A160

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Table 1

Properties of the GJ 436 system.

Parameter	Value	Unit
Stellar radius	0.425^[1]	R_⊙
Projected rotational velocity	${293.5}_{- 52.2}^{+ 43.7}^{†}$ $293.5{_{ - 52.2}^{ + 43.7}^\dag }$	m s⁻¹
Stellar inclination	${35.7}_{- 7.6}^{+ 5.9}^{†}$ $35.7{_{ - 7.6}^{ + 5.9}^\dag }$	deg
	${144.2}_{- 5.9}^{+ 7.6}^{†}$ $144.2{_{ - 5.9}^{ + 7.6}^\dag }$	deg
Power-2 limb-darkening	c₁ = 0.900^[1]
	c₂ = 0.508^[1]

Stellar reflex motion amplitude	17.38^[2]	ms⁻¹
Orbital period	2.64389803^[3]	days
Eccentricity	0.152^[2]
Argument of periastron	325.8^[2]	deg
Mid-transit time (-2 450 000)	5475.82450^[1]	BJD_TDB
Orbital inclination	86.7889^[1]	deg
Scaled semi-major axis	14.46^[1]
Planet-to-star radius ratio	0.08315^[1]
Projected spin-orbit angle	${113.5}_{- 17.3}^{+ 23.3}^{†}$ $113.5{_{ - 17.3}^{ + 23.3}^\dag }$	deg
3D spin-orbit angle	${103.2}_{- 11.5}^{+ 12.8}^{†}$ $103.2{_{ - 11.5}^{ + 12.8}^\dag }$	deg

Notes. Parameters from^[1] Maxted (2022),^[2] Trifonov et al. (2018),^[3] Lanotte et al. (2014) are fixed. Parameters with ° are derived from our final analysis in Sect. 5. For details about the power-2 limb-darkening law, see Morello et al. (2017); Maxted (2018). The 3D spin–orbit angle is combined over the two degenerate configurations for the stellar inclination, see text.

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