Radial velocity v_r (upper plots) and entropy perturbation s₁ (lower plots) of the columnar convective modes along the rotational axis displayed in the equatorial plane for subadiabatic and superadiabatic background. Panels a and b: cases with subadiabatic background δ = −2 × 10⁻⁶ for m = 3 and m = 8, respectively. Panels c and d: are the same plots for a superadiabatic background δ = 2 × 10⁻⁶. The eigenfunctions are normalized such that the maximum radial velocity is 10 m s⁻¹ at the equator. In all cases, rotation is uniform and the diffusivities are set ν = κ = 10¹² cm² s⁻¹.