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Fig. 3

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Top panel: local flow rate of the dust mass in M yr−1 as a function of radius for a disk with a Jupiter mass planet at 31 au. For the low α-values 1 × 10−4 (red line), 5 × 10−4 (blue) and 1 × 10−3 (green), we observe that the bump outside the planet location is large enough to hold the dust from drifting toward the star, while for larger α-values 5 × 10−3 (yellow), 10−2 (purple), there is only a weak accumulation outside the planetary gap. Bottom panel: cumulative dust mass contained within a radius r, as function of radius. For α-values 1 × 10−4, 5 × 10−4, 1 × 10−3, roughly all the mass of the disk is inside the bump that is created from the planet. For larger α-values 5 × 10−3, 1 × 10−2, the bump is minimal and not able to hold the dust from drifting.

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