Time evolution of several volume-averaged quantities over 200 orbits. Magnetic energy (top left), kinetic energy (top right), normalized Maxwell stress (bottom left) and the total stress (bottom right). The darkness of the curves is determined by the strength of the artificial resistivity parameter, α_B = 0.25, 0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 4.0. Due to the high oscillatory nature of the simulation we have smoothed the curves using a Savitzky–Golay filter, the unsmoothed curves can still be seen as very transparent curves. The oscillations are related to the formation and destruction of channel modes.