A sketch of the dependence of σ_res on TOA bandwidth, for an idealised dataset. The black dots represent rms values, the blue dashed line indicates the median scintillation bandwidth and the red line is a fit of Eq. (2). The black line is for the case of pure radiometer noise, i.e. with no jitter or other corrupting noise sources (σ_NF = 0) and for standard scaling following the radiometer equation (α = −1).