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Table 6

Proposed criteria for defining the evolutionary status of our sample sources based on the derived dust emissivity spectral index, β; the dust and bolometric temperatures, Td and Tbol; the presence or not of an outflow; and the presence or not of a compact radio continuum source.

Evolutionary status β Td/Tbol Outflow Compact radio continuum
K (Y/N) (Y/(Y)/N)
PSC 1–2 Td ≤ 10 N N
Class 0 ≤1.5 Tbol < 70 Y Y
Class I ≤1 Tbol ≥ 70 Y Y
More evolved (≥Class II) 0–1 Td ∈ [10−100] Y (Y)

Notes. The range of the dust emissivity spectral index and temperature are based on the discussion in Sect. 2.

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