MESSENGER energetic electron and magnetic field observations. The panels show from top to bottom: near-relativistic electron intensities, magnetic field magnitude, and magnetic field angles ϕ_{B − RTN} and θ_{B − RTN}. The coloured lines and lower band in the ϕ_{B − RTN} angle panel as in Fig. 2. The grey shaded areas delimit the intervals related with Mercury’s magnetosphere. An IP shock and ICME arriving at MESSENGER are indicated by the black vertical line and the green shaded area, respectively.