Dynamical maps constructed over the (a₂, e₂) space of ICs of HD 181433. Left-hand and middle panels: a 100 × 100-mesh of ICs was integrated in T = 0.1 Myr, with grid sizes being 0.004 AU in a₂ and 0.001 in e₂. Right-handpanel: disruption times obtained from N-body simulation spanned to 1 Gyr, over a grid of 50 × 50 ICs. The black dot indicates the nominal position of (A2) in each plane.