Table 6.
Mass-loss rates and accretion rates for outflow sources that have been mapped extensively in [O I]63.
| Source | Class | D | θ | vt | L([O I]) |
 |
 |
Ṁother & component | Ṁacc(a) | Main Refs. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (pc) | (″) | (km s−1) | L⊙ | (10−7 M⊙ yr−1) | (10−7 M⊙ yr−1) | |||||
| HH 111 IRS | I | 420 | 20 | 270 | 2.5 × 10−2 | 26−53 | 22.9−26.4 | 4 & CO (b) | 27 (k) | Sperling et al. (2020) |
| HH 111 jet | 420 | 45 | 260 | 1.3 × 10−2 | 6−12 | ≲10−16 | 2−6 & [O I]λ6300 (r) | |||
| SVS13A | I | 235 | 22 | 270 | 1.5 × 10−2 | 25−51 | 13.1−16.0 | 8.9 & [Fe II] (c) | 140−170 (l) | Sperling et al. (2020) |
| 7.0 & H2(c) | ||||||||||
| 30 & HI (d) | ||||||||||
| 90 & low-J CO (e), swept-up gas | ||||||||||
| HH 34 IRS | I | 430 | 26 | 160 | 2.4 × 10−2 | 11−23 | 20.7−27.5 | 0.7 & [Fe II] (c) | 35−115 (m) | Sperling et al. (2020) |
| 0.03 & H2(c) | ||||||||||
| ∼1.5 & [O I]λ6300 (r) | ||||||||||
| L1448-C | 0 | 232 | 45 | 170 | 1.8 × 10−3 | 1−2 | 2−4 | ∼24 & SiO, SO, CO (f) | 35 | Nisini et al. (2015) |
| IRAS4A | 0 | 235 | 38 | 100−140 | 9.1 × 10−4 | 0.3−1.0 | 1−2 | ≳18 & SiO, SO, CO (g) | 58 | Nisini et al. (2015) |
| HH 46 | I | 450 | 59 | 300 | 2.0 × 10−2 | 7−15 | 20−40 | 15−28 & CO (v) 34 (n) | Nisini et al. (2015) | |
| BHR 71 | 0 | 200 | 33 | 50−100 | 3.2 × 10−3 | 1−3 | 3−6 | 21 & CO (t) | 73 (o) | Nisini et al. (2015) |
| VLA 1623 | 0 | 120 | 78 | 60 | 2.1 × 10−3 | 0.5−1 | 2−4 | 16−160 & CO | 21 | Nisini et al. (2015) |
| HH 211 SE lobe | 0 | 250 | 51 | 115 | 3.92 × 10−3 | 1.2−2.4 | 3.9 | |||
| HH 211 NW lobe | 0 | 250 | 45 | 115 | 3.57 × 10−3 | 1.2−2.4 | 3.6 | |||
| HH 211 both lobes | 2.4−4.8 | 7.5 | 7−28 & SiO, CO, SO (h) | 14 (p) | Dionatos et al. (2018) | |||||
| ∼20−28 & H2(i) | ||||||||||
| IRAS 2A, blue lobe SN | 0 | 235 | 188 | 50 | 3.5 × 10−3 | 0.1−0.3 | 3.5 | 200 & CO (u) | ||
| IRAS 2A, red lobe SN | 0 | 235 | 133 | 50 | 4.1 × 10−3 | 0.2−0.4 | 4.1 | 400 & CO (u) | ||
| IRAS 2A, both lobes SN | 0.3−0.7 | 7.6 | 6 & H2(j) | 234 (q) | Dionatos & Güdel (2017) | |||||
| >6.7 & SiO, SO, CO (s) | ||||||||||
Notes.
Calculated as described in Sect. 4.4.
Lefloch et al. (2007), the high-velocity outflowing gas is detected therein in the CO J = 7–6 transition. We therefore think that the stated mass-loss rate is connected to the jet itself and not to swept-up gas.
Calculated from Knee & Sandell (2000), from Table 1 therein we adopt the relevant values for the blue lobe of HH 7-11 (Ṗ = Ṁoutv = 2.8 × 10−4 M⊙ km s−1 yr−1, v = 31 km s−1).
Podio et al. (2021), Lee (2020). The stated value is in good agreement with measurements of Yoshida et al. (2021).
Podio et al. (2021), Yıldız et al. (2015) measure Ṁout > 160 × 10−7 M⊙ yr−1 based on CO J = 6–5 observations (sum of both lobes).
The stated accretion rate is in good agreement with Lee (2010). Yang et al. (1997) estimate a higher value of 6.9 × 10−6 M⊙ yr−1.
We estimate this accretion rate from the Brγ line (see Appendix C).
Based on measurements of accretion-induced emission lines Antoniucci et al. (2008) estimate an accretion rate of Ṁacc ∼ 41.1 × 10−7 M⊙ yr−1, whereas Nisini et al. (2016)Ṁacc ∼ 75 ± 40 × 10−7 M⊙ yr−1. Hartigan et al. (1994) state Ṁacc ∼ 110 × 10−7 M⊙ yr−1. We combine the mentioned values to a range of (35−115)×10−7 M⊙ yr−1.
Antoniucci et al. (2008) estimate 2.2 × 10−7 M⊙ yr−1 based on a substantially lower bolometric luminosity.
Yang et al. (2017) estimate 1.2 × 10−5 M⊙ yr−1.
The stated accretion rate is about a factor of six lower than the value estimated by Lee et al. (2007b), who however assume a substantially lower mass for the HH 211 protostar M⋆ = 0.06 M⊙.
The stated value lies inbetween the values estimated by Brinch et al. (2009) and Hsieh et al. (2019), that are 94 × 10−7 M⊙ yr−1 and 500 × 10−7 M⊙ yr−1 respectively.
Yang et al. (2017), Yıldız et al. (2015) measure 76 × 10−7 M⊙ yr−1 based on CO J = 6–5 observations.
Based on CO J = 6–5 observations (Yıldız et al. 2015).
The stated value is taken from Nisini et al. (2015), Yıldız et al. (2015) measure Ṁout ∼ 200 × 10−7 M⊙ yr−1 from CO J = 6–5 observations.
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