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Fig. 4.

image

Evolution of the surface brightness of HCG 16-LSB1 in time. The black diamond symbol marks the observed age and surface brightness. The tracks in different colors mark the theoretical temporal evolution of the surface brightness that would correspond to different metallicities. The dashed black line corresponds to the evolution calculated for the metallicity of HCG 16-LSB1 ([Fe/H] = −0.16). Approximate limits on the maximum surface brightness of detectable galaxies are marked with dotted lines for the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS; York et al. 2000), DECaLS (Dark Energy Survey Collaboration 2016), the IAC Stripe82 Legacy Survey (Fliri & Trujillo 2016; Román & Trujillo 2018), the HSC-SSP (Aihara et al. 2018), and the future LSST (LSST Science Collaboration 2009).

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