Free Access

Table B.1.

Comparison between observed H2O abundances in NGC 1365, our Galactic center region (Sgr A) and some nearer Galactic sources.

Source Region Abundance vs H2 [×10−8]
(distance) (kinetic temperature) Odin(*) Herschel
NGC 1365 (a) Absorption (≈20 K) 5−8
(18.6 Mpc) Warm emission (40−60 K) 6−600 (s)
Shocks (350 K) 200 (u)–10 000 (t)
Sgr A (d) +50 km s−1 Cloud (60 K) 5
(8.7 kpc) Red wing of +50 km s−1 Cloud (e) 130
CND (150 K) (f) 9
Red wing of CND (e) 760 100−1300 (b)
+20 km s−1 Cloud (60 K) 3 4 (c)
Red wing of +20 km s−1 Cloud (e) 110
−30 km s−1 arm (g) 4
Orion KL (m) PDR interface region (70 K) 9 (h)(i)
(450 pc) 2′ south core (75 K) 11 (h)(i)
Compact Ridge (115 K) 280 (j) 260 (k)
Hot Core (200 K) 1200 (j) 1000 (l)(k)
Low velocity outflow 290 (j) 480 (k)
High velocity outflow (vs all H2) 2200 (j)
7000 (l)
High velocity outflow (vs shocked H2) 10 000 (h)
28 000 (j)
DR 21 Cool dense core (23 K) 0.1 (n)(o)
(1.7 kpc) Foreground cloud (10 K) 2 (n)(o)
Low velocity outflow 280 (n)(o)
W3 IRS 5 Cool dense core (40 K) 0.2 (p)
(2.3 kpc)
S 140 Clumpy PDR interface with dark cloud (55 K) 5/0.1 (q)(r)
Low velocity outflow 40 (q)

Notes.

(*)

Based upon ortho-H2O, HO, and O (110 − 101) observations;

(a)

this paper;

(b)

from Herschel mapping of the CND/Sgr A* by Armijos-Abendano et al. (2019);

(c)

from Herschel mapping of the +20 km s−1 Cloud by Armijos-Abendano et al. (2019);

(d)

from Karlsson et al. (2013), assuming an ortho-to-para ratio of 3;

(e)

outflow/shock;

(f)

circumnuclear Disk (torus) surrounding the Sgr A* black hole;

(g)

foreground spiral arm;

(j)

Odin spectral scan, Persson et al. (2007);

(k)

Herschel/HIFI spectral scan, Neill et al. (2013);

(m)

mapped in detail by Odin, Hjalmarson et al. (2005);

(n)

based upon para-H2O (111 − 000) observations, van der Tak et al. (2010);

(o)

assuming an ortho-to-para ratio of 3;

(p)

from Odin mapping by Wilson et al. (2003) in close agreement with SWAS results by Snell et al. (2000);

(q)

clump/interclump values;

(r)

from Odin mapping by Persson et al. (2009).

(s)

the lower abundance estimates appear at higher densities and can be accommodated by PDR models, while the high abundances (at a density of 104 cm−3) would indicate that the existing shocks also contribute to the observed ground state H2O emission.

(t)

shock model abundance (Flower & Pineau des Forêts 2010) in an effective (accumulated) 10″ size area of the circumnuclear torus (see Sect. 4.4).

(u)

caused by slow velocity shock chemistry in the case of (here unconfirmed) dominant FIR excitation (González-Alfonso et al. 2010, 2012, 2014).

Current usage metrics show cumulative count of Article Views (full-text article views including HTML views, PDF and ePub downloads, according to the available data) and Abstracts Views on Vision4Press platform.

Data correspond to usage on the plateform after 2015. The current usage metrics is available 48-96 hours after online publication and is updated daily on week days.

Initial download of the metrics may take a while.