Example for Eq. (11), showing the first five principal component light curves and the planet model. The constant offset term () is not shown in the design matrix. This example shows a pixel with a bright (10⁻⁴ contrast) injected planet signal based on 51 Eri b data. The data corresponds to the central pixel in the injected planet’s trajectory shown in Fig. 1 at the location marked by the pink cross. The principal components were determined from the reference pixels, , shown in white.