Fig. 1
Schematic showing coupled interior-atmosphere exchange via outgassing of reduced species such as H2 and CO (orange) for a reduced mantle (e.g., IW buffer) and oxidized species such as H2O and CO2 (blue) for an oxidized mantle (e.g., QFM buffer) as the magma ocean solidifies. The H2 in the atmosphere is lost to space via escape.
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