Time evolution of ė (top panel) and (bottom panel) for the different mechanisms used in case 1 for HD 46703. The parameters used in this model are M_d, 0 = 10^−1.5 M_⊙ and Ṁ₀ = 10^−6.0 M_⊙ yr⁻¹ with T₀ = 3250 K, which corresponds to the solid orange line in the top panel of Fig. 4. The solid blue line represents the sum of the three other effects, i.e. resonances, accretion, and tides. The two most important effects on the orbital evolution are resonances and tides.