Snapshots of the final planets plotted on the a−M (top) and a−e (bottom) planes. The planets, which are represented by circles and triangles, have larger and smaller radial velocity amplitudes than 1 m s⁻¹, respectively. The dotted lines in the top panels are given by Eq. (5) for M₁ ∕ M_⊕. Left panels: we plotted the results of the massive series, which include models Ms1Σ100b10 (red symbols), Ms3Σ30b10 (green ones),and Ms5Σ10b10 (blue ones). Right panels: we plotted the results of the less-massive series, which are models Ms0Σ100b10 (red symbols), Ms2Σ30b10 (green ones),and Ms4Σ10b10 (blue ones).