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Table 1

Main experimental parameters, i.e., density of material, refractive index n1 at 632.8 nm, ice thickness d, maximum fluence, and dose.

Sample Density n1 d Fluence Dose New species observed
(g cm−3) (μm) (1016 e cm−2) (eV/16u) in the VUV range
O2 1.54(1) 1.33 0.25 7.2 277.6 O3
N2 0.94(2) 1.33 1.35 43 1746.1 N3
O2:N2 = 1:1 1.24(a) 1.34 0.24 2.4 104.3 O3, N2O (b), NO2
NO 1(c) 1.41 0.12 1.8 80.2 O2 (b), NO2
N2O 1.16(1) 1.39 0.12 0.7 27.6 NO2
NO2 1.17(1) 1.44 0.11 2.4 91.4 O2 (b)
NO:NO2 = 1:1 1.1(a) 1.42 0.11 3.9 157.9
NO:N2O = 2:1 1.1(a) 1.39 0.12 3.6 145.7 O2 (b), N2 (b), NO2
NO2:N2O = 1:1 1.1(a) 1.39 0.12 3.6 145.7

Notes. For each experiment, we provide a list of all new species observed in the VUV range. (a) estimated average value from mixture components; (b)tentative detection; (c)no value available in the literature, hence assumed to be 1.

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