Surface density profiles of the solar protoplanetary disk. The red profiles show the earliest gap-opening phase when M_p = 0.1 M_J case at t = 1 Myr when the disk has been reduced to 60% of its initial mass. The blue profiles show the M_p = 1 M_J case where the remaining disk mass is 5% of the initial mass. The black line plots the unperturbed disk surface density at t₀ with a total mass of 0.02 M_⊙. The orange dot indicates the radial location of Jupiter.