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Table 1.

Simulation parameters.

Quantity Estimate
Neutron star radius R = 102 cm
Light cylinder radius RLC = 5R
Polar magnetic field B = 1.1 × 105 G
Effective magnetic field Beff ≃ 109 G
Proton to electron mass ratio mr = mp/me = 18.36
Polar GJ number density
Polar GJ current density
Smallest cell size Δr ≃ 0.13 cm
Electron plasma skin depth
Electron gyroradius
Proton gyroradius cm
Polar cap angle θpc ≃ 0.46 rad
Full potential drop
Polar cap potential drop
Max. proton Lorentz factor γ0, p ≃ 36
Max. pair Lorentz factor γ0, e ≃ 667
Polar cap proton Lorentz factor γpc, p ≃ 7
Polar cap pair Lorentz factor γpc, e ≃ 133
Pair production parameter fpp

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