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Fig. 3.

image

Cas A spectra stacked for Cα RRLs across a range of redshifts. The plot on the left shows the optical depth integrated at the central velocities (−7.7 km s−1 to +19.8 km s−1, which encompasses the −47 and −38 km s−1 components) at each redshift. The outlying peak at the redshift (z = −0.000158) of the −47 km s−1 component is clearly visible. The histogram on the right shows the binned distribution of the integrated optical depth. Cas A α-transition stacking demonstrates our method in a regime with a high signal-to-noise ratio.

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