Block diagram of the CNN. The three-channel input image of a cluster passes through the network top to bottom; the output result are age, extinction, mass, size, the cluster-background class class_c/b, and visibility. All blocks with sharp corners depict single layers, while blocks with rounded corners are groupings of layers. The number on the left indicates how many times the group is repeated sequentially and the name on the right corresponds to the layer names in Table 1. The blocks with non-white backgrounds are parts of the network with optimizable parameters. The last number in each row is the number of output channels from that layer. “ReLU” indicates the locations in the network where rectified linear activations are applied between blocks.