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Fig. 5

image

Final outcomes at 200 Myr of 46 N-body simulations carried out with the D3 code. Left panel: 23 planetary systems that resulted from runs without fragmentation, while right panel: 23 systems produced from runs that incorporate fragmentation and hit-and-run collisions. The circle size scales with the planet mass according to that indicated in the top region of the figure. The sky blue area observed in both panels illustrates the HZ associated with a solar-type star (Kopparapu et al. 2013).

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