Table 1.
Source of the magnetic flux of coronal holes.
| Coronal holes: | Weak | Medium | Strong | All |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BCH: | 1−3 G | 3−5 G | > 5 G | > 1 G |
| Magnetic elements belonging to | ||||
| Granulation, τme < 40 min | ||||
| ∑Φme/ACH [Mx cm−2] | 0.01 ± 0.01 | 0.03 ± 0.07 | 0.02 ± 0.01 | 0.02 ± 0.05 |
| ∑|Φme|/ACH [Mx cm−2] | 0.08 ± 0.01 | 0.10 ± 0.08 | 0.08 ± 0.02 | 0.09 ± 0.05 |
| Nme/ACH [1/104 Mm2] | 27 ± 4 | 28 ± 5 | 25 ± 4 | 27 ± 5 |
| Percent with dominant CH polarity [%] | 55 ± 5 | 58 ± 7 | 61 ± 7 | 58 ± 7 |
| ∑Ame/ACH [%] | 0.23 ± 0.03 | 0.26 ± 0.11 | 0.22 ± 0.04 | 0.24 ± 0.07 |
| ∑Φme/ΦCH [%] | 0.5 ± 0.4 | 0.8 ± 0.2 | 0.3 ± 0.2 | 0.6 ± 0.01 |
| ∑|Φme|/ΦCH, us [%] | 0.9 ± 0.1 | 1.0 ± 0.2 | 0.6 ± 0.1 | 0.8 ± 0.5 |
| Mesogranulation, τme = 40 min−7 h | ||||
| ∑Φme/ACH [Mx cm−2] | 0.03 ± 0.02 | 0.03 ± 0.02 | 0.02 ± 0.02 | 0.03 ± 0.02 |
| ∑|Φme|/ACH [Mx cm−2] | 0.34 ± 0.03 | 0.23 ± 0.04 | 0.20 ± 0.03 | 0.23 ± 0.04 |
| Nme/ACH [1/104 Mm2] | 41 ± 6 | 35 ± 7 | 31 ± 5 | 36 ± 7 |
| Percent with dominant CH polarity [%] | 54 ± 6 | 56 ± 7 | 53 ± 7 | 55 ± 7 |
| ∑Ame/ACH [%] | 0.56 ± 0.07 | 0.50 ± 0.09 | 0.43 ± 0.06 | 0.51 ± 0.09 |
| ∑Φme/ΦCH [%] | 1.8 ± 1.1 | 0.7 ± 0.7 | 0.4 ± 0.3 | 1.0 ± 1.0 |
| ∑|Φme|/ΦCH, us [%] | 2.7 ± 0.4 | 2.1 ± 0.4 | 1.5 ± 0.3 | 2.2 ± 0.6 |
| Supergranulation, τme = 7−40 h | ||||
| ∑Φme/ACH [Mx cm−2] | 0.10 ± 0.08 | 0.09 ± 0.06 | 0.08 ± 0.05 | 0.09 ± 0.07 |
| ∑|Φme|/ACH [Mx cm−2] | 0.38 ± 0.08 | 0.33 ± 0.03 | 0.24 ± 0.08 | 0.33 ± 0.11 |
| Nme/ACH [1/104 Mm2] | 25 ± 4 | 21 ± 5 | 16 ± 4 | 21 ± 6 |
| Percent with dominant CH polarity [%] | 61 ± 9 | 64 ± 10 | 68 ± 11 | 64 ± 10 |
| ∑Ame/ACH [%] | 0.66 ± 0.12 | 0.57 ± 0.17 | 0.42 ± 0.11 | 0.57 ± 0.17 |
| ∑Φme/ΦCH [%] | 5.3 ± 4.7 | 2.6 ± 1.7 | 1.4 ± 1.0 | 3.3 ± 3.4 |
| ∑|Φme|/ΦCH, us [%] | 3.9 ± 0.8 | 3.0 ± 1.0 | 1.9 ± 0.6 | 3.1 ± 1.1 |
| Long-lived magnetic elements τme > 40 h | ||||
| ∑Φme/ACH [Mx cm−2] | 1.3 ± 0.5 | 2.6 ± 0.5 | 4.8 ± 1.0 | 2.6 ± 1.5 |
| ∑|Φme|/ACH [Mx cm−2] | 1.3 ± 0.5 | 2.7 ± 0.5 | 4.9 ± 1.0 | 2.7 ± 1.5 |
| Nme/ACH [1/104 Mm2] | 29 ± 8 | 44 ± 7 | 62 ± 9 | 42 ± 14 |
| Percent with dominant CH polarity [%] | 94 ± 4 | 97 ± 3 | 99 ± 1 | 96 ± 4 |
| ∑Ame/ACH [%] | 1.7 ± 0.5 | 3.1 ± 0.5 | 5.1 ± 0.9 | 3.0 ± 1.4 |
| ∑Φme/ΦCH [%] | 63 ± 8 | 71 ± 6 | 76 ± 3 | 69 ± 8 |
| ∑|Φme|/ΦCH, us [%] | 14 ± 4 | 24 ± 4 | 37 ± 5 | 23 ± 10 |
| Quiet CH regions | ||||
| Φqu/ACH [Mx cm−2] | 0.49 ± 0.35 | 0.80 ± 0.11 | 1.2 ± 0.22 | 0.77 ± 0.29 |
| Φqu, us/ACH [Mx cm−2] | 7.1 ± 0.3 | 7.1 ± 0.3 | 7.1 ± 0.2 | 7.1 ± 0.3 |
| Aqu/ACH [%] | 95 ± 0.7 | 93 ± 0.7 | 92 ± 1.0 | 93 ± 1.4 |
| Φqu/ΦCH [%] | 26 ± 4 | 22 ± 3 | 18 ± 2 | 22 ± 4 |
| Φqu, us/ΦCH, us [%] | 73 ± 4 | 64 ± 2 | 54 ± 3 | 65 ± 8 |
Notes. The table lists the properties of the magnetic elements belonging to granulation, mesogranulation, supergranulation, long-lived magnetic elements, and the properties of the quiet coronal hole regions dependent on the mean magnetic field densities of the coronal holes. Each subsection gives the unbalanced and total unsigned magnetic flux arising from these regions, the average number of magnetic elements per area, the percentage of how many magnetic elements have the dominant coronal hole polarity, the coverage of the coronal hole in percent, and their contribution to the unbalanced and total unsigned magnetic flux of the coronal hole. We note that ≈4% of the total unbalanced magnetic flux ΦCH and ≈6% of the total unsigned magnetic flux ΦCH, us arises from isolated pixels with flux densities > 25 G, which are not included in any sections of the table.
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