Damage D of the target at time t = 10 s after impact for various impact angles, from left to right, ϕ_imp = 75°, 45°, 15°, −45°, −75°. Simulations were carried out with the impactor of size d_imp = 314 m and speed v_imp = 5 km s⁻¹; target was not rotating. The red outline shows the original position of the target and the impactor. There is an undamaged cavity only for oblique impacts, otherwise the target is fully damaged by the impact.