Profiles of panel a: Ohmic heating and panel b: entropy production in the layer above radius r for current estimate j^(O). In (a) the solid horizontal line shows the total convective power of 1.2 × 10¹⁸ W, while the dotted horizontal line shows the heat flow of Q_o = 3.35 × 10¹⁷ W from the interior of Jupiter. In (b) the horizontal line indicates the total dissipative entropy production predicted by the entropy flux Θ_T = Q_o∕T_o = 2.0 × 10¹⁵ W/K through the outer boundary. Vertical lines mark the radii r₁ where Rm⁽¹⁾ = 1 (see Fig. 3).