Diagram of the X-ray observations of PG 1114+445. A UFO is present in the inner part of the AGN surroundings, with decreasing density, scaling as r⁻². At larger distances from the SMBH, the UFO interacts with the closest clumpy ambient gas at r ≃ 100 pc, entraining it via Rayleigh–Taylor and Kelvin–Helmholtz instabilities. This gas is pushed at velocities comparable with that of the UFO, retaining its ionization state and column density. The farther ambient gas remains unaffected by the UFO and therefore moves at a significantly lower line-of-sight velocity. The figure is not to scale.