Notes. ^(a) Sample 4 contains avery small amount of iron, which is not significant in our analysis. The Fe-to-Mg ratio is 4 × 10⁻². More information about samples 1–5 can be found in Z17. Sample 6 is a pyroxene, and is the crystalline counterpart of sample 5. Sample 7 is an amorphous olivine with equal contributions of iron and magnesium. Sample 8 is an amorphous pyroxene with an Fe-to-Mg ratio of 1:3. Sample 9, fayalite, was synthesized at the University of Frankfurt, Physical Institute (Fabian et al. 2001). Sample 10 is an amorphous enstatite synthesized at AIU Jena. Sample 11, forsterite, is a commercial product of Alfa Aesar. Sample 12 is a natural rock crystal from Brazil (Zeidler et al. 2013). Sample 13, an amorphous silica, is a commercial product of Qsil Ilmenau, Germany, named “ilmasil”. Sample 14 is a commercial amorphous silica powder supplied by Fisher Scientific. Samples 13 and 14 differ in degree of amorphization (see the XAFS, lower right panel of Fig. B.2).