Fig. 10

HSTcolor-type relation for brown dwarfs. red or brown dwarf types are numerical as follows: M0-M10 (0-1), L0-10 (2-3), T0-T10 (2-3) and Y0-Y3 (3-3.3). Holwerda et al. (2014) used a optical-near-infrared color (V-J) to subtype M-dwarfs. A optical-near-infrared color using broad filters may work well enough for M-dwarfs as type correlates with black body temperature but later types become degenerate in color space (e.g., L and T), the broad absorption features counteract the temperature effect. This makes (sub)typing difficult with only broad filters.
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