Local S/N maps and estimated flux at λ₁  =  2.110 μm around the known real faint point sources (FPS1 and FPS2) located around the HIP 72192 star and the known real faint point source (FPS3) located around the HD 131399 system. Panel a: S/N of detection derived from PACO detection Algorithm ¹. Panel b: estimated flux derived from PACO detection Algorithm ¹. Panel c: estimated flux derived from PACO estimation algorithm alternating between the estimation of the flux and the computation of the background statistics. Panels e, d, f: Respectively correspond to panels a, b, c computed on a subpixel grid with a sampling factor s = 4. The superimposed white grid represents the original sampling grid (sampling factor s = 1).