Ek plotted against from various studies in the literature where large-scale dynamos were present (blue symbols) or absent (red). Data is shown from Käpylä et al. (2009; ◇), Käpylä et al. (2013; ✳), Stellmach & Hansen (2004; +), Favier & Bushby (2013; □), Masada & Sano (2014b; 2016; △), Cattaneo & Hughes (2006; ×), and Guervilly et al. (2015; ○). The green and orange diamonds correspond to the present study with (green) or without (orange) large-scale dynamos. The shaded area shows the parameter region where large-scale vortices are present in the hydrodynamic regime. The darker area corresponds to the large-scale vortex region identified by Guervilly et al. (2015), whereas the small grey diamonds and the star refer to the simulations of Favier et al. (2014) and Stellmach et al. (2014), respectively.