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Fig. 7

image

Top three panels: EUV volume heating rate (top), bulk velocity (middle), and temperature (bottom) profiles for the 10 M planet with an equilibrium temperature of 850 K. The solid line is for the planet irradiated by the XUV flux estimated for K2-33 and the dash-dotted line is for the same planet, but with a 1000 times weaker level of XUV irradiation. The vertical dashed lines mark the position at which the velocity begins to rise (left) and that of the temperature minimum for the most irradiated planet (right). Bottom three panels: same as the top three panels, but for a planet with an equilibrium temperature of 1300 K. For the lower and higher temperature planets, Reff lies at about 2.3 and 3.0 Rpl, respectively.

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