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Fig. 5

image

Timescale, in Myr, estimated for the complete escape of a hydrogen-dominated atmosphere as a function of planetary mass, assuming four different values of the atmospheric mass fraction f of 50% (black dot), 30% (red asterisk), 10% (blue diamond), and 1% (green triangle). The horizontal dashed line indicates the maximum age (i.e. 20 Myr) derived for the K2-33 system (Mann et al. 2016).

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