X-ray ionization rate ζ_X for the three different dust models including X-ray opacities for the gas and the dust. The white solid contour shows N_{⟨ H ⟩ ,rad} = 2 × 10²⁴ cm^-2, which corresponds to the scattering surface. The dashed white contour shows where ζ_X is equal to ζ_X,abs of the gas absorption only model. Above this line ζ_X ≤ ζ_X,abs (additional absorption by the dust) and below, ζ_X>ζ_X,abs (scattering).