Fig. 2

Panel a: GLS periodogram of the available Doppler data for GJ 176, with horizontal lines showing the bootstrapped FAP levels of 10% (dotted line), 1% (dot-dashed line) and 0.1% (dashed line). Two distinct peaks above the FAP = 0.1% level can be seen at 8.77 d and 39.34 d attributed to a planetary companion and stellar activity, respectively. Panel b: data from CARMENES (red circles), HARPS (blue triangles) and HIRES (green diamonds) phase-folded to our best Keplerian fit consistent with an 8.77 d planet. Panel c: GLS periodogram of the residuals after fitting the 8.77 d signal, revealing a 39.34 d activity peak.
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