Model fits for the case of 1ES 0347-121. Red circles denote measurements, bars – their uncertainties; long-dashed lines – primary γ-ray spectra. Top-left – absorption-only model: black – G12 EBL model, green – F08, blue – KD10 model as implemented in ELMAG; solid lines – observable spectra. Top-right – electromagnetic cascade model: blue solid line denotes observable spectrum, black – absorbed component, green – cascade component. Middle-left: the same as for top-right, but showing the high-energy cutoff of the primary spectrum. Middle-right – basic hadronic model: black solid line denotes z_c = 0, magenta – z_c = 0.02, green – z_c = 0.05, blue – z_c = 0.10; short-dashed line – power-law spectrum of primary protons with z_c = 0. Bottom-left – modified hadronic model, the same meaning of colours as in the middle-left panel. Bottom-right – another fit for the case of modified hadronic model.