PACS/PACS color-color diagram: νL₇₀/νL₁₀₀ vs. νL₁₀₀/νL₁₆₀, which traces the peak of the SED. CLUES star-forming dwarf galaxies are shown as squares colored by the amount of energy absorbed by molecular clouds per unit dust mass in molecular clouds. Observational data are presented as gray symbols: DGS (crosses), KINGFISH (circles), and HAPLESS (triangles); where faint symbols mark galaxies with M_star> 10⁹M_⊙. DGS galaxies whose SED data were fit in Rémy-Ruyer et al. (2015) with an additional emission component as a MIR modified black body are marked with open circles. DGS galaxies reported in Rémy-Ruyer et al. (2013) to have an excess of emission at 500 μm are marked with open squares. The upper and middle panels show results using a t₀ = 40 Myr molecular cloud escape timescale, while in the lower panels t₀ = 5 Myr. The left and right columns display the products of adopting a molecular cloud density threshold of ρ_mc,thres = 3.3 × 10⁹M_⊙ kpc^-3 and ρ_mc,thres = 3.3 × 10¹⁰M_⊙ kpc^-3, respectively. Note that the middle panels show L₆₀ instead of L₇₀.