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Fig. 3

image

Measured values and the upper limits at 1σ for the LyC relative escape fraction of galaxies at z ~ 3.3 in the COSMOS (blue, green), EGS (gray), and CANDELS/GOODS-North fields (red). Small descending arrows show the upper limits of associated with individual galaxies. Asterisks show the galaxies detected in the U band (i.e., LyC emission) above 1σ. The red hexagon indicates a likely foreground contamination in the CANDELS/GOODS-North field, associated with galaxy ID = 16479. The lensed galaxy from Amorin et al. (2014), magnified by a factor μ = 40 ± 1, is represented by a black arrow at its intrinsic (de-magnified) magnitude R = 28.31. The gray, blue, and red dashed lines show the dependency of the escape fraction on the R-band magnitude derived by adopting the 1σ depth of the U band in the EGS, COSMOS, and CANDELS/GOODS-North fields, respectively. The large arrows (cyan, purple, magenta, orange, gold, dark green) represent the limits to derived by stacking the z ~ 3.3 galaxies from Grazian et al. (2016) and from this paper in different R-band magnitude intervals.

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