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Table B.3

Grain-surface/ice-mantle reactions involved in the formation of vinyl, ethyl, propyl, and butyl cyanide.

# Reaction EA (K) Ref.
20 H + HC3N → C2H2CN 1710 e
21 N + C2H2 → C2H2CN (i) 31, (ii) 1300 f, g
22 H + C2H2CN → C2H3CN –
23 N + HCH2 → C2H3CN –
 
24 H + C2H3CN → CH3HCN 619 h
25 H + C2H3CN → H2CH2CN 1320 h
26 C¨H2 + H2CN → H2CH2CN –
27 N + C2H4 → H2CH2CN (i) 31, (ii) 605 f, g
28 H + CH3HCN → C2H5CN –
29 H + H2CH2CN → C2H5CN –
30 H3 + H2CN → C2H5CN –
31 N + C2H6 → H2CH3 + HCN 0 f
32 N + H2CH3 → C2H5CN –
 
33 H3 + H2CH2CN → n-C3H7CN –
34 H2CH3 + H2CN → n-C3H7CN –
35 H2CH2CH3 + N → n-C3H7CN –
36 C¨H2 + H2CH2CN → H2CH2CH2CN –
37 H + H2CH2CH2CN → n-C3H7CN –
38 N + C3H6 → CH3HCH2CN (i) 0, (ii) 619 i, h
39 H + CH3HCH2CN → n-C3H7CN –
40 H + CH3CH2HCN → n-C3H7CN –
 
41 H3 + CH3HCN → i-C3H7CN –
42 CH3HCH3 + N → i-C3H7CN –
43 C¨H2 + CH3HCN → H2CH(CH3)CN –
44 H + H2CH(CH3)CN → i-C3H7CN –
45 H + CH3(CH3)CN → i-C3H7CN –
 
46 H3 + H2CH2CH2CN → n-C4H9CN –
47 H2CH3 + H2CH2CN → n-C4H9CN –
48 H2CH2CH3 + H2CN → n-C4H9CN –
49 H2CH2CH2CH3 + N → n-C4H9CN –
50 N + C4H8 → CH3CH2HCH2CN (i) 0, (ii) 619 i, h
51 H + CH3CH2HCH2CN → n-C4H9CN –
 
52 H3 + CH3HCH2CN → i-C4H9CN –
53 CH3HCH3 + H2CN → i-C4H9CN –
54 H2CH(CH3)CH3 + N → i-C4H9CN –
 
55 H3 + CH3CH2HCN → s-C4H9CN –
56 H3 + H2CH(CH3)CN → s-C4H9CN –
57 H2CH3 + CH3HCN → s-C4H9CN –
58 CH3HCH2CH3 + N → s-C4H9CN –
 
59 H3 + CH3(CH3)CN → t-C4H9CN –
60 CH3(CH3)CH3 + N → t-C4H9CN –

Notes. Dots indicate which carbon atom hosts the radical site (i.e. an unpaired electron), where appropriate; where the radical site is not indicated, no distinction is made in the model between structural isomers. Dashes indicate an assumed activation energy barrier of zero. Reactions 21, 27, 38, and 50 each have two values shown, corresponding to the (i) standard and (ii) high-barrier models, respectively.

(e)

Parker et al. (2004);

(f)

Based on gas-phase value;

(g)

Adopted value from equivalent H-addition reaction;

(h)

Adopted value from equivalent C3H6 reaction;

(i)

Based on fit to Gannon et al. (2007) gas-phase data.

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