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Table B.2

Grain-surface/ice-mantle reactions involved in the formation of butane, pentane, and related radicals.

# Reaction EA (K) Ref.
1 H + C2H2 → HCH2 1300 a
2 H + C2H4 → H2CH3 605 b
3 H + C3H6 → CH3HCH3 619 c
4 H + C3H6 → H2CH2CH3 1320 c
5 H + C4H8 → CH3HCH2CH3 619 d
6 H + C4H8 → H2CH2CH2CH3 1320 d
 
7 H3 + H2CH2CH3 → n-C4H10 –
8 H2CH3 + H2CH3 → n-C4H10 –
9 H + H2CH2CH2CH3 → n-C4H10 –
10 H + CH3HCH2CH3 → n-C4H10 –
 
11 H3 + CH3HCH3 → i-C4H10 –
12 H + CH3(CH3)CH3 → i-C4H10 –
13 C¨H2 + CH3HCH3 → H2CH(CH3)CH3 –
14 H + H2CH(CH3)CH3 → i-C4H10 –
 
15 H3 + H2CH2CH2CH3 → n-C5H12 –
16 H2CH3 + H2CH2CH3 → n-C5H12 –
 
17 H3 + CH3HCH2CH3 → i-C5H12 –
18 H2CH3 + CH3HCH3 → i-C5H12 –
 
19 H3 + CH3(CH3)CH3 → neo-C5H12 –

Notes. Dots indicate which carbon atom hosts the radical site (i.e. an unpaired electron), where appropriate. For brevity, we omit most hydrogen-addition steps to form ethane and propane. Reactions between simple radicals to form ethane, propane, or their precursors are similarly omitted from the table. Dashes indicate an assumed activation energy barrier of zero.

(a)

Baulch et al. (1992);

(d)

Adopted value from equivalent C3H6 reaction.

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