Ryugu as seen from Earth on 1st July, 2018, close to the arrival time of the Hayabusa-2 mission at the asteroid (r = 0.988 AU, Δ = 1.903 AU, α = 18.6°), calculated using our reference shape, spin (#2 in Table 5), size, thermal solution, with the z-axis pointing in the direction of the spin axis (along the insolation/temperature colour bars). Top: solar insolation in W/m², with the sub-solar point located at the peak insolation. Bottom: the TPM-calculated temperatures (in Kelvin).