Top panel: best-fit values of f(z)σ₈(z) for galaxies with log (M_STAR [h^-1M_⊙]) > 10 (red dots), clusters with log (M₅₀₀ [h^-1M_⊙]) > 13 (blue squares) and AGN with log (M_BH [h^-1M_⊙]) > 6.3 (green diamonds), obtained with the method described in Sect. 5.1. The black line shows the function Ω_M(z)^0.545·σ₈(z), where Ω_M(z) and σ₈(z) are the known values of the simulation. Bottom panel: percentage systematic errors on f(z)σ₈(z), [(fσ₈)^measured−(fσ₈)^simulation] /(fσ₈)^simulation·100, that is, the percentage differences between the points and the black line shown in the top panel. The error bars have been estimated with Eq. (19). The values reported have been slightly shifted for visual clarity. To guide the eyes, the light and grey shaded areas highlight the 5% and 10% error regions, respectively.