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Fig. 2

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Evolution of the HZ inner edge, bolometric luminosity and XUV luminosity for Proxima. Top panel: evolution of the inner edge of the HZ for two different assumptions: Sp = 0.9S (dashed blue line), Sp = 1.5S (full blue line). The full black line corresponds to Proxima’s measured orbital distance. Bottom panel: evolution of the luminosity for a 0.1M star (in orange), for 0.2 M (in red) and 0.123 M (in blue). The gray area corresponds to the observed value (see Table 1). The black vertical dashed line corresponds to the estimated age of Proxima.

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