Horizontal wind velocity as arrows and temperature [K] as colours and contours from our models of HD 209458b after 1600 d. Left column: results from the model with Newtonian forcing discussed in Sect. 3 at 100 Pa, 3 × 103 Pa, 3 × 104 Pa, 1 × 105 Pa (from top to bottom, from Mayne et al. 2014a). Right column: results from the coupled model discussed in Sect. 4 at 3 Pa, 3 × 103 Pa, 3 × 104 Pa, 1 × 105 Pa (from top to bottom).